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Unplanned Cities in Modern American Poetry
Lyrical Challenges to Utopianism
Unplanned Cities in Modern American Poetry
Lyrical Challenges to Utopianism
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Description
Reveals how five modern American poets challenged prevailing discourses about urbanization through lyrical representations of cities and the diverse people who lived in them.
In early 20th-century America, industrialization and the influx of immigrants and rural migrants into urban centers fostered a certain representation of and distaste for cities and their inhabitants. The dominant discourse was one of containment through utopian planning and violent reshaping, often reflected in both policy-making and writings about cities during this time. Yet as Daniela Kukrechtová identifies, urban literature also reveals voices that challenged that narrative.
Unplanned Cities in Modern American Poetry shows how the formally innovative works of five poets – Jean Toomer, William Carlos Williams, Hart Crane, Frank O'Hara, and Gwendolyn Brooks – worked against anti-urban discourse. Their works displayed a love for disorderly cityscapes and the actual urbanites who inhabit them, promoting the radical idea that cities were for people while revealing the extreme dystopian/utopian discourses that helped create and maintain divisions and disparities.
Kukrechtová argues that, besides offering a radical critique, these poets also used their poetry to imagine the mental and emotional attitudes of urban dwellers toward their environment. She therefore offers the urban ecocritical approach often missing in literary analyses of modern American poetry. Simultaneously, the lyrical and socially-engaged imagination in these works – that is, the human implications of various plans, designs, and policies that helped create the modern American city – represent a voice often unheard in urban studies and its history.
Table of Contents
Acknowledgments
Introduction: A Case for a Contra-Symbolic City in Modern American Poetry
1. “Remove the [red] tape” of Respectability: Jazzy Transformations in Jean Toomer's Washington, D.C.
2. “Who are these people”: William Carlos Williams Walks with the Crowd in Paterson, NJ
3. “Tilting … momently” Between the Perfect City and the Embodied Urban Experience: Subversive Wordplay in Hart Crane's The Bridge
4. Remembering "You" in the City: Toponyms and Ludic Spaces in Frank O'Hara's Kinesthetic Poetry
5. The Death and Life of a Chicago Edifice: Gwendolyn Brooks's “In the Mecca”
Notes
Bibliography
Index
Product details
| Published | 10 Jul 2025 |
|---|---|
| Format | Ebook (PDF) |
| Edition | 1st |
| Pages | 240 |
| ISBN | 9798765129180 |
| Imprint | Bloomsbury Academic |
| Illustrations | 15 b&w illustrations |
| Publisher | Bloomsbury Publishing |
About the contributors
Reviews
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A wonderful book! Daniela Kukrechtová finds a much-appreciated line of flight in the poetry of Jean Toomer, William Carlos Williams, Hart Crane, Frank O'Hara, and Gwendolyn Brooks that elegantly straddles the dystopian/utopian divide of much of modern(ist) 'city talk.' Kukrechtová's book is a love letter to urbanism.
Bernd Herzogenrath, Professor of American Studies, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
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This book brings poetry fully into the scholarly conversation about the place of the city in modernism. Unplanned Cities in Modern American Poetry anchors itself in skillfully detailed close readings of works by an important group of modernist and mid-century poets, all framed with relevant historical discourses about urbanism and careful attention to the place of segregation in these narratives.
Sarah Dowling, Assistant Professor of Comparative Literature, University of Toronto, Canada
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Unplanned Cities in Modern American Poetry offers invigorating readings of five 20th-century American poets writing about the cities they knew intimately as urban residents. In clearly showing how writers used 'contra-symbolic' strategies to challenge the totalizing visions of city planners and to reveal the diversity of lived urban experience, Kukrechtová reminds us of literature's vital role in shaping understandings of spaces and places.
James Peacock, Reader in English and American Literatures, Keele University, UK
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